Sensory processing disorder, or SPD, is a condition that affects people of all ages. It’s now recognized as one of the most common chronic neurological disabilities among school-aged children. It’s estimated that about one out of every 20 school-aged children has SPD, but the actual number might be even higher because it can be tricky to diagnose.
SPD can cause a variety of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe. These symptoms include difficulties with everyday tasks, trouble remembering things like when to do chores, and being very sensitive to things like sounds, textures, tastes, smells, sights, and feelings.
Symptoms of SPD can be hard to spot because they’re so different from person to person. Some kids might seek out sensory experiences, while others might avoid them. For example, a child might enjoy banging their head or chewing on things, while another might get upset by loud noises or tags in their clothes.
If your child has SPD, they might show signs like refusing to wear certain types of clothes, being easily agitated by sounds, or having a hard time falling asleep. These sensory problems can make them feel different from their friends and lead to frustration or behavior issues.
Diagnosing SPD usually involves a sensory integration evaluation conducted by an occupational therapist. This looks at how a person’s nervous system responds to sensory stimuli through their senses like sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste. Based on the evaluation, the occupational therapist can make recommendations to help the individual in their daily life.
Treating SPD often involves a team effort. Parents and teachers can make a big difference by being aware of the child’s needs and making accommodations. This might include creating a quiet environment, using materials that don’t overwhelm the child, or making changes to the child’s routine.
One helpful approach is called a sensory diet. This involves adding activities that address the child’s specific sensitivities. For example, if a child is sensitive to touch, activities like brushing on textured clothing or petting a dog might help.
If you suspect your child has SPD, it’s important to get them evaluated by an occupational therapist. With the right support and treatment, children with SPD can thrive and succeed.
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